Social Exchange Relationship Essay - 1651 Words

Is it love or is it the benefits of creating a relationship with someone? We make different kind of relationships over time in our life span be it, friends, marriage, family, and etc. Some people believe that when relationships are made it’s out of love, but when we make these relationships, some people take into account the positives benefits of creating these relationships with people. Many would like to think the world is filled with hopeless romantics and not people who are opportunist or gold diggers looking for someone to get a step closer to their goals. Even something as simple as doing someone a favor or providing love and comfort to someone is seen as social exchange. The main objective that will be discuss is how social exchange†¦show more content†¦Some relationships can consist of giving one’s own resources to someone else, which can be costly for one person in the relationship, while valuable for the other person (Leybman et al., 2011). When choos ing to make associations with certain people, information is collected about the individuals’ worth based on reasons such as reliability and trustworthiness or free rides (Leybman et al., 2011). Individuals are normally interested to have social exchange companions because they lead to increased resources and it helps them get a step closer to reaching their goals (Leybman et al., 2011). Another, example, is making associations at work, be it with colleagues or the boss such connections can help climb the ladder to success or advance in their career. According to Sprecher (2001), if relationships are favorable and rewarding, the relationships could further develop and be maintain. While friendships that aren’t great and favorable, the relationship could dissolve or you could become less involve with friends. People will grow apart, leave their friendships, find new friends, and make more associations. As stated above, if the friendship is favorable and the resources out way the cost; the person will be favorable to a more intimate relationship and if not they stay in the friend zone. The person will try to connect even more with the favorable person like pursue them into a dating relationship. Of course, the person will acquire to go on several dates to see ifShow MoreRelatedLove, Passionate And Companionate, The Movie Friends With Benefits976 Words   |  4 PagesFriends with Benefits will be used in this essay. Although this movie plot’s definition of love does not fall in any of the categories concerning the types of love, it falls perfectly in between both companionate and passionate love with an addition of social exchange. Friends with Benefits is the story of two distinct people living in different corners of the United States, who end up meeting and realize that they have a common interest in relationships that obliterate emotional intimacy. FurthermoreRead MoreGeo ffrey Chaucers The Shipmans Tale1520 Words   |  6 PagesThe structure and characters of Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Shipman’s Tale warp the traditional in order to create a thriving network for exchange. Stylistically, this particular tale utilizes common conventions of the fabliau: sex, trickery, and poetic justice. That being said, The Shipman’s Tale is completely void of an overall moral message—a key element in the genre. Instead, there is a focus on the presence of male and female characters who work to fulfill an individual agenda, and on the â€Å"[explorationRead MoreWhy Do Anthropologists Study Gift Giving?1682 Words   |  7 Pagessignificance of reciprocity and obligation suggested in gift exchange and that gift giving is a one practice of material expression that integrates a society. Gift giving is essential to the studies of many anthropological debates such as sociability, alienation, sacrifice, religion and kinship. The anthropology of gifts is also crucial to economics. Entire businesses and industries rely on gift giving as it helps understand the relationships in economy as a cultural system that is not just market basedRead MoreGroup Work Theory And Youth Work Practice964 Words   |  4 PagesYWU406 (1000words) This essay will define the concepts of groups by making links to both group work theory and youth work practice. Therefore, the need for group work in a youth work role will be identified. One definition of the term group is â€Å"two or more individuals who are connected to one another by social relationships† (Forsyth, 2006, p.2-3). This definition suggests that a group is subject to three elements: the number of individuals involved; connection between the individuals; and someRead MoreAfrican culture1286 Words   |  6 Pages Essay 1 Pan Africanism/ Global Connections An approach to African studies will be summarized within this essay. Each chapter encompasses a detailed explanation from African cultures to economical struggles and much more. These 10 chapters will include a brief introduction and summary of African societies, Power, Descent from the same ancestor, Contracting an alliance, Government, Repetitive and dynamic models, Inequality, Dependence relations, Association, and Exchange of Goods. Chapter 1Read MoreSocial Penetration1449 Words   |  6 PagesWhy do some relationships progress quickly more than others? In order to understand this, relationship must be defined. According to Merriam-Websters Dictionary, A relationship is a type of connection existing between people that have a relation or dealing with each other. It is through the process of communication, which is the process where human beings transmit ideas, information, and attitudes to one another, that our relationships are forged. Without communication there would be no relationshipsRead MoreWhat Makes Gift Exchange?1441 Words   |  6 PagesSchieffelin describes gift exchange as a ‘rhetorical gesture in social communication’, it can be used as a method of solidifying, integrating and defining social relationships through the non-market exchange of goods, it is a social, cultural and economic experience. This ritual creates a respectful bond between both the giver and receiver. Previous ly gift exchange was considered more of a cultural tradition and religious practice, however contemporary gift exchange does not commemorate the rituals’Read MoreRhetorical Analysis: Why I Love Shoplifting from Big Corporations?1114 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical analysis The essay title Why I Love Shoplifting is designed to immediately shock the reader. The essays full title Why I Love Shoplifting From Big Corporations hints at the authors larger social critique of American capitalism. The author complains that she lives as a wage slave, forced to work most of her life to pay for basic necessities while large companies make huge profits off of her labor. When she pays for something, she says she considers the exchange one of violence, ratherRead MoreGraduation Speech : Midnight Road Trips1529 Words   |  7 Pagesexciting times in a person’s life. With the constant bombardment of tests, essays, sporting events, social gatherings, group projects, career choices, parties, late night study sessions, midnight road trips, and finals it is no wonder that college is typically a time of change, experimentation, and life long commitments. The one thing many people in college hope to find is a long term partner to spend their lives with. The relationsh ips that tend to last through the college years and beyond are those inRead MoreIn ‘The Social Life Of Smokes: Processes Of Exchange In1031 Words   |  5 PagesIn ‘The social life of smokes: Processes of exchange in a heroin marketplace’, Robyn Dwyer concludes that there are specific complex social processes involved in drug markets (Dwyer 2011). Her ethnographic research on the Footscray street based heroin marketplace in Melbourne, Australia indicates that drug research should be applied to relevant and effective policy making. In addition, this ethnographic research challenges society’s hostile perceptions towards drug exchange and main theoretical

The Public Protest Of The Boston Tea Party - 982 Words

A man watches a white crescent moon shining upon a Boston harbor. As he sat and watched the light reflect on the roaring sea, and hear the waves crash against the shore, he catches a peculiar site. Wild men they seem to be, throwing boxes of tea into the calm ocean waters from three British cargo vessels. The incident became The Boston Tea Party, which occurred in the year 1773 three years before the Declaration of Independence was issued to King George lll. Through these actions and many more acts of civil disobedience the citizens exercised their individual rights to a peaceful protest to hopefully help present the idea that what the monarchy was doing for instance, taxation without representation, trade barriers, and many more acts were†¦show more content†¦These changes could not have taken place if it weren’t for King and his followers’ protests. When faced with a peaceful protest, the government was able to listen to and address the concerns of their peop le, and it made America a greater nation. As much as it is our duty to make changes, it also imperative that we follow the laws that are put in place to keep justice, order, and peace. As the philosopher Thomas Hobbes said â€Å"In the place where the laws do not exist, insecurity and chaos are the norm. What’s more, civilization cannot occur in a world that is lawless† (Hobbes 256). Drinking and driving is one example. From all 35,000 fatal car crashes in the United States 9,000 of those crashes involved some form of alcohol. Those fatalities could have easily been avoided if the people would have obeyed their civil duty and followed the law. Jury duty is very important due because you’re helping the government come to an important decision. It was invented by our founding fathers as the final checks and balances of the United States justice system. U.S. citizens work in tandem with the judge and their fellow jury members to execute an honest and fair trial to decide the fate of the defendant. â€Å"The protection of our rights and liberties is largely achieved through the teamwork of judge and jury who, working together in a common effort, put into practice theShow MoreRelatedThe Boston Tea Party By George R.t1074 Words   |  5 Pages Primary Source Analysis Paper 1: The Boston Tea Party George R.T. Hewes wrote the following reminiscence of the Boston Tea Party almost 61 years after it occurred. It is likely that his memories included more than a few stories he picked up well after 1773. Hewes himself was involved in the protest in Boston harbor led by the Son’s of Liberty, so he has an actual image of what happened on that day. Nonetheless, Hewes provides a highly detailed account of this important event. As of the year 1773Read MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution999 Words   |  4 Pagesalso lead to the tensions and resistance to what resulted in freedom and independence for the colonies from British rule. Events such as the Stamp and Sugar Acts, the Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party, Intolerable Acts, and the Continental Congress led to expanding tensions and soon to the outbreak of the American Revolution. Protests broke out all across the colonies, with revolts, boycotts, and even fights. British Parliament established the acts to raise revenue through trade taxes on the AmericanRead MoreThe Success Of The Boston Tea Party Essay1707 Words   |  7 Pageswords of Margaret Mead, the American Cultural Anthropologists, summarize most historical events where people unite towards a purpose. The cultural identity of a country is molded when its people unite for a cause; one such event is the Boston Tea Party. The Boston Tea party is an important watershed in American history, one that determined the American identity forever. The establishment of independence from British colonization however did not happen overnight. The uprising was organized, carried outRead MoreThe Revolution Of The United States Of America1714 Words   |  7 PagesProtests that Built the United States of America Edward Abbey is quoted as saying, â€Å"A patriot must always be ready to defend his country against his government† (Abbey). During the 18th century, this is precisely how the United States of America transformed from a group of colonies that served their mother country of England to a completely independent nation founded on the basic principles of democracy. What led to this great transformation and how were these colonists able to break away fromRead More The Causes of the Revolutionary War Essay999 Words   |  4 Pageslawyers, merchants, politicians, and artisans who were all there to protest the stamp act. The Sons of Liberty usually relied petitions, public meetings, and pamphlets to rally support, but they would also get violent if necessary. The Stamp Act congress came together in 1765 to repeal the stamp act and deny the Parliament’s of its right to tax the colonies. British merchants who profited form colonial trade joined in the protest, fearing financi al ruin. When the Stamp Act was repealed in 1766 peopleRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution1258 Words   |  6 Pagesmistreatment, which lead to hostility and therefore the American Revolution was born. There were multiple events that lead to the American Revolution, but three of the biggest and most significant events were taxations and the Stamp Act, The Boston Tea Party, and the Boston Massacre. Taxation is adding taxes to a purchasable good. Taxation in the colonies was a way for Britain to regain all the incentives they had spent on the French and Indian War. The British thought that the Colonists owed them for theirRead More The Boston Massacre and Other Contributing Factors of the Revolutionary War1368 Words   |  6 PagesThe Boston Massacre and Other Contributing Factors of the Revolutionary War The Boston Massacre was not the only cause of the Revolutionary War. There were many events before and after that also contributed to the start of this war. They were the Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Declaratory Act, Townshend Act, Quartering Act, Tea Act, the Boston Tea Party, and Coercive Acts. One of the first taxes put on the colonies by Britain was the Sugar Act. The Sugar Act of 1764 was to raise money to help ParliamentRead MoreThe Death Of A Shoemaker And The Tea Party By Alfred F. Young Essay1338 Words   |  6 Pages1766. The colonists were against it and tried revolting against Britain, leading to the Boston Massacre in 1770 of British soldiers shoot colonists and killing a few men. The colonists also retaliated against the taxations by dressing up as Indians and throwing tea into the ocean. Parliament began establishing acts known as the intolerable acts, which led to the revolution. In The Shoemaker and the Tea Party by Alfred F. Young, the author introduces and describes the life of a shoemaker, George RobertRead MoreEssay Chapter 5 the American Revolution Summary1726 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER 5 The American Revolution: From Elite Protest To Popular Revolt, 1763-1783 SUMMARY This chapter covers the years that saw the colonies emerge as an independent nation. The colonial rebellion began as a protest on the part of the gentry, but military victory required that thousands of ordinary men and women dedicate themselves to the ideals of republicanism. I. STRUCTURE OF COLONIAL SOCIETY In the period following the Seven Years War, Americans looked to the future with great optimismRead MoreBoston Tea Party During The American Revolution1969 Words   |  8 PagesBoston tea party During the American Revolution The Boston Tea Party refers to the political protest initiated by the Sons of Liberty on 16th December, 1773 in Boston (Savelle Labaree, 1966). The protestors, disguised often as American Indians, dumped the entire tea shipment into the Boston Harbor sent by East India Company into the water. This protest was in reaction and showing the noncooperation towards the Tea Act enacted on 10th May, 1773. In reaction to this event, the British government

Enjoyment of Being a Girl Overcoming Industry Standards...

Have you ever been looking at a magazine and notice you are not â€Å"what a guy wants†? Or have you ever sat and watched television and then proceeded to look into the mirror and feel so badly about your appearance that you felt depressed? Many women in today’s world experience these same feelings each time they come in contact with some type of media. The media has always used women as a way to sell products or used them as propaganda, but how far is too far? The media is a large source of entertainment for women of today. Women spend the majority of their time looking at magazines for latest fashions or trends. These media sources all share one subject: negative images of women. These places all share one thing; negative images of women.†¦show more content†¦It is as though the media is a bad demand out for no good because America’s standards are so unrealistic (Media’s not). â€Å"The media paints a picture of unrealistic body images that mak e people feel they don’t fit and can’t fit in†, said Shelly Perlin a Sciences Major (WVU). Women come into the world with a sense of innocence and no worries and then once they reach a certain age, they start feeling a sense of security if they have what others have, or if they are the â€Å"perfect† women. Women have to face so many different standards within a short span of life that they do not always know what is right. The media is a major influence and influences society beyond its knowledge (Media’s). The media is so influential that it does not allow people to make their own personal judgments (Media’s ticket). Some people feel as though the media is not all to blame for negative body images. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Television and Magazines have a high impact on women today. In television the majority of female characters on T.V. are thin (Media’s not). Statistics show that the average adolescent girl’s unrealistic body images are due to the three to four hours of T.V. they watch (WVU). After women watch at least thirty minutes of T.V. or advertisements with thin women, they show signs of guilt, depression, shame, and body dissatisfaction (Media’s Negative). AccordingShow MoreRelatedDance Is An Integral Aspect Of Social And Communal Life Essay2485 Words   |  10 Pagesrestraints of traditional societal norms, these etiquette manuals became increasingly less popular and less emphasis was placed on ballroom etiquette. Dancing became less of a means to impress others and more of a focus was placed on self-expression and enjoyment. Dance styles began to reflect this shift as they transitioned into more carefree and jovial steps. Shakes, spins, gyration s, kicks and large arm movements were characteristic of the new era and dancing as a result has never been the same. The Women’sRead More Gender Dichotomies on MTV Essay4969 Words   |  20 Pagesperpetuate the stereotypes depicting women as purely sexual beings, not respectable individuals. This is a difficult controversy to discern because it is only the latest skirmish in a never ending culture war between young women trying to control their sexuality and a society which fears its power, (When Sex Goes Pop) MTV’s sexual depictions have been criticized because of the poor representation and explicit sexualization of women and young girls. To sexualize is to make the performer or extra in aRead MoreEssay on Eating Disorders and the Media6828 Words   |  28 Pagesinteraction of media and young women. I have also proposed solutions that might help activists interested in lessening the chances of girls developing eating disorders. In the literature review, I focus on the scholarly work conducted to understand how consumption of certain media interacts with low self-esteem to cause young females to want to fit the societal norm of being thin. This drive for thinness in young women can cause eating disorders. The literature has also shown that a solution to reducingRead MoreThe Influence of Movies and Tv Series on Cultural Stereotypes7562 Words   |  31 Pagesfeel of an area. However, it is impossible for every learner to go abroad and experience foreign cultures in person. Bei ng all-embracing, movies and TV series are indispensible cultural carriers, which are capable of demonstrating the cultures of a nation from many perspectives and different angles. They can comparably reflect a social’s cultural life, values and ethical standards objectively and comprehensively. Nowadays, with the flourishing development of all kinds of movies and TV series allRead MorePopulation Problem in Bangladesh14871 Words   |  60 Pages............. 15 Reasoning..................................................................................................... 16 Conclusions .................................................................................................. 17 Overcoming Bad Essay Writing Habits ....................................................... 18 Epilogue: In Praise of Banglish Essays........................................................ 19 Bibliography..................................................Read MoreThe Effect Of Practical Work On Students Performance9732 Words   |  39 Pagesgenetic experimentation and engineering, ecological impact of modern technology, dangers of nuclear war and explosions and global warming among others (Alsop Hicks, 2001).Due to these challenges there has been rapid changes taking place in medicine, industry, communication, and agriculture. Science as an agent of development plays an important role in bringing about these changes through technological advancement, national wealth enhancement, health improvement and industrialization (Validya, 2003).Read MoreCuases Impact of Rural - Urban Migration from District Swabi to Peshawar14595 Words   |  59 Pagesthe urban life. Where as district Swabi is not as much developed like Peshawar, less opportunities and facilities are available there. Majority people of Swabi are attached with agricultural land. Now people want change and to improve their living standard, to get quality education, to choose other profession, to facilitate their dear ones and to get ride from old traditions. So due to these reasons people are moving from Swabi to Peshawar. All these are the pull factors of moving from rural area toRead MoreCreativity in Advertising15483 Words   |  62 Pagesas a problem which is to be solved by finding out good idea and its effective execution. For this, various alternative solutions are available. Such solutions may be: * Developing rational support in the proposed advertisement. * Overcoming consumer resistance to the product. * Securing popularity to the brand name of the product. * Demonstrating special benefit in advertisement unique manner. * Indicating utility of the product to target consumers. 2. Read MoreCelebrity Endorsements19810 Words   |  80 Pagesnew dimension is added to this process and helps us in achieving a holistic view of the impact which celebrities generate in every sphere and segment through their well-versed endorsements. Celebrities have also been in demand having succeeded in being effective by rising above the clutter grabbing the attention and focus of the consumer. They also succeed in creating an aspiration in the minds of the consumer to acquire what their favorite celebrity endorses. 5|Page Celebrity EndorsementsRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 PagesGlobal entrepreneurship in an emerging market C A S E T W O DaimlerChrysler: Corporate governance dynamics in a global company C A S E T H R E E Gunns and the greens: Governance issues in Tasmania C A S E F O U R Succeeding in the Sydney indie music industry C A S E F I V E Nucor in 2005 C A S E S I X News Corp in 2005: Consolidating the DirecTV acquisition C A S E S E V E N Shanghai Volkswagen: Implementing project management in the electrical engineering division C A S E E I G H T Television New Zealand:

Rfssdf - 640 Words

~CSB RG, 344-45, 351-55, 359-61 ~Amos 1-4 = CSB, 1265-70 After reading these passages, read one more: Amos 5:21-24 (CSB, 1271). Verse 24 contains that famous line from Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech (August 28, 1963. See: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=smEqnnklfYs, 10:32 ff). How does your knowledge of Amos’ message prompt you to interpret Dr. King’s message? How does Dr. King’s particular indictments of northern and southern states mirror Amos’ criticisms of Judah and Israel? How do Dr. King’s appeals to the â€Å"promissory notes† of the Emancipation Proclamation and the Declaration of Independence mirror Amos’ Deuteronomic/prophetic appeal to Israel’s covenant with God? (Note that for Dr. King, the violation of†¦show more content†¦How does this chapter fit the pattern of a â€Å"covenant lawsuit† (see CSB RG, 360; cf. 352)? What has God done for the tribes of Israel? What two kinds of service are demanded of Israel in retur n (think two â€Å"tables† of the Law/Decalogue)? Which one is emphasized here? Can the former service (faith/worship) be acceptable to God without the latter (good works)? Which do you think is more important: right worship and belief (orthodoxy) or right ethical commitments and actions (orthopraxy)? (Hint: this last sub-question is a trick question.) This chapter fits the pattern of a covenant lawsuit because of the event of Yahweh accusing Israel of breaking the covenant through their lack of justice and honesty, after the pattern of the kings of Israel. God granted a good measure of prosperity for the tribes of Israel. The two kinds of service are demanded of Israel in return are to believe in God and worship his word. I believe worshiping his word is more emphasized because it encourages people do what God says and spread his word rather than mindlessly believing in God. The former service (faith/worship) can not be acceptable to God without the latter because it would d o any justice to God if you were to believe in him without preaching his faith. I believe both orthodoxy and orthopraxy are just as important as eachother. In this and your other readings for this class session, what did you find to be the most

Aims of Higher Education Free Essays

Students may have divergent aims while receiving higher education. They may chime with expectations of policymakers, employers, the faculty, society, or they may concern some other personal needs of students. All in all, the main purposes of getting higher education are getting a desirable position, developing personal skills, respect in society and preparation for future life. We will write a custom essay sample on Aims of Higher Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now The major aim of higher education is getting a good job because it is necessary for a good position and high salary. Nowadays presence of a diploma is a ticket to a good job. During the whole life a person is told by his or her teachers that without higher education it is very hard to get fixed up in a good job. From this follows another aspect – high salary. According to Russian Centre of Society’s opinion poll, 76% of recipients claim that without higher education it is almost impossible to get a well-paid job. These examples show that higher education is significant for employers to offer one a desirable and well-paid position. Secondly, studying in a university is a challenging, life-enhancing experience for two reasons: students gain substantive knowledge and develop personal skills. Graduation from university supposes that students will have a common level of knowledge and information literacy. As my Mathematics teacher said, that every piece of knowledge we get will come I hand. Developing personal skills is also important. Tatyana Nikishina, university teacher believes, that socialization is an essential part of educational process, and it develops a lot of other skills, which will be helpful in future. The evidence suggests that higher education will help to improve one’s knowledge within a particular field and individual skills as well. Moreover, getting higher education is essential nowadays, as without it one will not be respected and with it one can assume leadership roles in community. Today more people within the society have higher education and it really hard to be treated with respect without one. My mother says that now people would communicate only with those who have a diploma, although its presence does not mean that a person is intelligent. It is not a secret that people with higher education are more likely to assume leadership roles. From my own experience  I can say, that higher education plays a great role in forming a company of friends, collegues. In brief, it is quite obvious that today people with higher education gain more respect within society and are able to take leading roles. Furthermore, studying in a university will prepare students for future life: they will have career-related courses and will be able to use their knowledge in everyday life. Students are supposed to enter those universities that will help them in their future career. A. Shebistova, Curtin University teacher claims that with choosing a faculty, a student studies within a particular field of knowledge, and this theory would definitely help in practice. To sum up, getting higher education is needed to get ready for future career and knowledge received will be useful in common life. To conclude, the major aims of higher education are getting a good job, improving personal skills, being an authority among community and getting ready for further life. But still, some people suppose that one can be successful even without higher education and it is just waste of time. It is up to everyone to decide whether he or she needs higher education or not. How to cite Aims of Higher Education, Papers

A spectre is haunting pop culture the spectre of Essay Example For Students

A spectre is haunting pop culture the spectre of Essay The Scream, Edvard Munchs 1893 painting of a wild-eyed figure on a bridge, hands clapped to his head, mouth contorted in a silent shriek of angst and anomie. The tormented face of one mans despair and alienation, set against the social fragmentation and moral vertigo of the last fin-de-siecle, has been resurrected and pressed into service, through pop-culture pastiche and parody, as the poster child for self-mocking millennial anxiety. Once shorthand for the age of anxiety, Munchs Screamer has been recast for the age of terminal irony as a cross between Saturday Night Lives Mr. Bill and Cesare the somnambulist from The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. Generic-faced and gender-neutral, hes a ready-made sign of the times: a Smiley face with an ontological migraine. One of the earliest appropriations of The Scream has turned out to be one of the most enduring: the ad campaign for Home Alone (1990), which featured Macaulay Culkin in a Munch-ian mood, his tyke-next-door features stretched out of shape in an are-we-having-fun-yet? send-up of the Screamer. Since then, the image has appeared on T-shirts emblazoned with the heart-stopping phrase President Quayle and on checks sold by the Rosencrantz Guildenstern Banknote Corp. It shrieks with delight on a birthday card (Hope your birthdays a SCREAM!) and serves as a wacky conversation piece in homes and offices across America in the form of the inflatable dolls manufactured by On the Wall Productions, which has sold over 100,000 of the adult toys. The political cartoonist Rob Rogers put a face on the heartland horror of the Oklahoma bombing by transplanting Scream heads onto the dour farmers in Grant Woods American Gothic. The marathon runner Andrea Bowman pledged allegiance to the no-pain, no-gain ethos by having The Scream tattooed on her leg. And, in the loftiest tribute a consumer society knows, Munchs angst-racked Everyman has even been transformed into a TV pitchman a Ray-Banned swinger in a computer-animated spot for the Pontiac Sunfire, a car that looks like a work of art and drives like a real scream. Most famously, of course, the painting inspired the Halloween mask worn by the teen-ocidal slasher in Wes Cravens Scream: a baleful skull whose elongated gape makes it look like a Munch head modeled in Silly Putty. So, I scream, you scream, we all scream for Munchs Scream: Whats all the yelling about? Obviously, the image strikes a sympathetic chord because we, like Munch, are adrift at the end of a century, amidst profound societal change and philosophical chaos, when all the old unsinkable certitudes seem to be going the way of the Titanic. But whereas Munchs existential gloom and doom were a psychological affair, deeply rooted in his mothers death and the hellfire Christianity of his stern father, our millennial anxiety is more public than private, the toxic runoff of information overload: mounting concerns over global warming, worries about contaminated food and sexually-transmitted diseases and flesh-eating viruses, fear of domestic terrorism, paranoia about night- stalking pedophiles and teenage super- predators, traumatic memories of satanic ritual abuse and alien abduction, premonitions of black helicopters over America, and, more prosaically, the everyday uncertainties of the downsized, overdrawn, time-starved, sleep- deprived masses. The Screamer personifies the introverted, alienated psychology of modernism. In Munchs painting, this psychology is literalized in the roughly circular movement of the viewers eye, which makes the world literally revolve around the solipsistic Screamer. Moreover, that world, as Munch gives it to us, has been swallowed up by the Screamers extruded ego, dyed strange colors and twisted into alien shapes by his emotions. By contrast, the postmodern self is mediated, not mediating. In Oliver Stones Natural Born Killers, for example, the exteriorized subconscious of The Scream has been turned inside out. In the modernist world-view articulated by Munchs proto-Expressionism, the psyche oozes, blob-like, beyond its bounds, engulfing the outside world; in NBK, resonant images from the 20th century the filmed century, as Don DeLillo observed inundate the mass-mediated dream lives of Stones TV generation. Childhood memories are relived as an imaginary sitcom, complete with laughtrack, and Nature has been replaced by Second Nature: the world outside Mickey and Mallorys motel windows consists of flickering TV images. Celebrity is the only real life, reflection in the camera eye the only confirmation that the self truly exists. .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 , .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 .postImageUrl , .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 , .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809:hover , .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809:visited , .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809:active { border:0!important; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809:active , .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809 .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf396e728253f222fc561e83cccc7e809:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Health Benefits of Ergonomics EssayPostmodern psychology is a product of the movement from McLuhans Gutenberg Galaxy into a postliterate world, a transition marked by the collapse of the critical distance between the inner self and the outside world, and by our immersion, perhaps even dissolution, in the .